由常務理事翁少萍醫師整理「父親是支持母乳哺育的關鍵! 」
Perceived Infant Feeding Preferences of Significant Famiily Members and Mothers’ Intentions to Exclusively Breastfeed.
Mueffelmann RE1, Racine EF2, Warren-Findlow J2, Coffman MJ3.J Hum Lact. 2015,Aug;31(3):479-89.
BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding intention is a significant predictor of initiation and duration. The decision to breastfeed may be influenced by the opinions of family and friends.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the relationship between maternal perception of the infant feeding preferences of the baby’s father and the maternal grandmother and the woman’s intention to breastfeed.
METHODS: This study analyzed data from the Infant Feeding Practices Survey II (2005-2007)
RESULTS: The sample included 4690 women, of whom approximately 82% were white, 67% were married, 68% were multiparous, and 66% had some college education or beyond. In adjusted analyses, the odds of intending to exclusively breastfeed in the first few weeks
postpartum were higher among mothers who perceived that the baby’s father or the maternal grandmother preferred exclusive breastfeeding (vs preferred other feeding)
(fathers: odds ratio [OR] = 7.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.20-8.92; maternal grandmothers: OR = 2.45; 95% CI, 2.01-2.99). Mothers in each of the racial/ethnic groups examined were more likely to intend to exclusively breastfeed in the first few weeks postpartum if they perceived that the expectant father preferred exclusive breastfeeding (vs preferred other feeding methods) (white: OR = 7.67; 95% CI, 6.25-9.41; black: OR = 11.76; 95% CI, 4.85-28.51; Hispanic: OR = 7.01; 95% CI, 3.44-14.28; other: OR = 7.51; 95% CI, 3.39-16.67).
CONCLUSION: These results suggest that significant family members should be counseled on the benefits of breastfeeding and the risks of formula feeding along with pregnant mothers.
題目：重要家庭成員對嬰兒餵食的認知偏好以及母親本身想純母乳哺育的意圖
研究背景：有想要哺餵母乳的動機是起始和持續哺乳時間的重要預測因子。母乳哺育的決定可能會受到家人和朋友的意見之影響。
研究目的：這項研究旨在探討母親對於嬰兒父親和外婆想給寶寶吃什麼的感知與媽媽本身想要母乳哺育的意圖 之間的關係。
研究結果：此研究分析了從嬰兒餵食方式問卷調查II 的資料數據(2005-2007)。此研究總共包括了4690 名女性，其中約82％是白人，67％是已婚，68％是多產次，66％有大學或以上的大學教育。在調整後的分析中，母親認為嬰兒的父親或外祖母較喜愛純母乳哺育的（比 家人比較愛其他餵食方式的），母親在產後最初幾週內純母乳哺育的機率會更高（父親：[OR] = 7.44 ; 95％[CI]，6.20-8.92;母系祖母：OR = 2.45; 95％CI，2.01-2.99）。 研究中每個種族/族裔群體中的母親如果認為準父親更喜歡純母乳哺育（優於選其他餵食嬰兒方法），則更有可能在產後最初幾週內純母乳哺育（白人：OR = 7.67; 95％） CI，6.25-9.41; 黑人：OR = 11.76; 95％CI，4.85-28.51; 西班牙語系：OR = 7.01; 95％CI，3.44-14.28; 其他：OR = 7.51; 95％CI，3.39-16.67）。
結論：這些結果顯示，應該向重要的家庭成員提供關於母乳哺育的益處以及給配方奶粉風險的知識，這些諮詢/衛教應該是重要家庭成員與孕婦一起參與。
Family members’ infant feeding preferences, maternal breastfeeding exposures and exclusive breastfeeding intentions.
Lok KYW1, Bai DL2, Tarrant M3. Midwifery. 2017 Oct;53:49-54.
BACKGROUND: Maternal breastfeeding intentions are strongly associated with breastfeeding exclusivity and duration. Factors that affect new mothers’ exclusive breastfeeding intentions have not been adequately examined.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between family member’s infant feeding preferences, breastfeeding exposures, and womens’ exclusive breastfeeding intentions.
METHODS: 1277 breastfeeding mother-infant pairs were recruited from four public hospitals in Hong Kong. We used multiple logistic and linear regression models to explore the impact of the family members’ infant feeding preferences and breastfeeding exposures on exclusive breastfeeding intentions.
RESULTS: 78.1% mothers reported an intention to exclusively breastfeed, and the median intended duration of exclusive breastfeeding was 26 weeks. The husband’s preference for breastfeeding (aOR = 1.67; 95% CI 1.20-2.31), previous breastfeeding experience (aOR = 1.56; 95% CI 1.10-2.23) and attendance at an antenatal breastfeeding class (aOR = 2.09; 95% CI 1.45-3.02) were all strongly associated with higher maternal intention to exclusively breastfeed. For every additional family member who preferred breastfeeding, the odds of intending to exclusively breastfeed increased by 32% (aOR1.32; 95% CI, 1.13- 1.55). Similarly, the proportion of participants intending to exclusively breastfeed increased progressively with more breastfeeding exposures.
CONCLUSIONS:
Including fathers and other significant family members in antenatal breastfeeding education can help to maximize breastfeeding support for the new mother and encourage new mothers to exclusively breastfeed.
題目：家庭成員餵食嬰兒的偏好，母親母乳哺育的接觸和純母乳哺育的意圖
研究背景：母親的想哺餵母乳的意圖與是否純母乳哺育和哺乳持續時間有密切關係。影響新手媽媽純母乳哺育意圖的因素尚未被充分研究過。
研究目的：這項研究的目的是探討家庭成員對嬰兒餵食的偏好，母乳哺育的接觸和婦女們純母乳哺育意圖之間的關聯。
研究結果：在香港的四所公立醫院招募了1277 名母乳哺育的母嬰對。 我們使用多重邏輯和線性回歸模式來探討家庭成員的嬰兒餵食偏好和母乳哺育接觸對於純母乳哺育意圖的影響。
結論：78.1％的母親表示有意進行純母乳哺育，純母乳哺育的中位預期持續時間為26 週。 丈夫對母乳哺育的偏好（aOR = 1.67; 95％CI 1.20-2.31），之前的哺乳經驗（aOR = 1.56; 95％CI 1.10-2.23）和產前母乳哺育課程的出勤率（aOR = 2.09; 95％CI 1.45- 3.02）都與純母乳哺育的母親意願強烈相關。 對於每一個更喜愛母乳哺育的家庭成員，母親打算純母乳哺育的機率可增加32％（aOR1.32; 95％CI，1.13-1.55）。同樣的，打算完全哺乳的參與者比例會隨著接觸母乳哺育相關人事物增加而逐漸增加。
New Zealand women talk about breastfeeding support from male family members.
Alianmoghaddam N, Phibbs S, Benn C.Breastfeed Rev. 2017 Mar;25(1):35-44.
Abstract
AIM: Little research has been done to investigate the influence of male family members’ support for breastfeeding. This article considers the influence of male partners and other male family members on the initiation and duration of exclusive breastfeeding.
METHODS: Thirty heterosexual New Zealand women who had identified in a short antenatal questionnaire that they intended to breastfeed exclusively for 6 months were recruited. The qualitative research included a face-to-face postpartum interview followed by monthly audio-recorded telephone interviews that stopped at 6 months. The participants’ narratives were analysed using thematic analysis.
KEY FINDINGS: Five key themes related to breastfeeding support from male family members were identified: a) male partners did not have enough knowledge about breastfeeding, b) male partners wanted to share infant feeding, c) participants received emotional and practical support from their male partners, d) male partners supported breastfeeding in public, e) some women received crucial breastfeeding support from male family members who were not the father of the baby.
CONCLUSION: Comments from participants suggest that some New Zealand men are actively involved in supporting breastfeeding in their nuclear and extended families. Several participants suggested that male support was as effective as support from female family members.
題目：紐西蘭婦女談論男性家庭成員的支持母乳哺育
研究目的：分析早產新生兒父親對於母乳哺育相關的社會觀念、表現和經驗。
研究方式：位於法國某教學醫院的新生兒加護病房，總共收案20 名早產兒的父親。這是個定性的訪談研究，使用Alceste 軟體分析訪談的轉述資料。
分析結果：電腦程式將72％的語料庫分為六個詞彙類。 分析中產生了兩個主要的網絡類別：一是泌乳，包括“母乳哺育”和“擠奶”類，另一類是“照護/護理”。分析顯示，父親對母乳對健康的好處之議題很靈敏。父親們提到，早產兒哺餵母乳會對他們的伴侶有限制及造成疲累（每天多次使用擠乳器進行擠奶，時間上的限制以及需要用管路餵食來補充……）。他們還提到如何在哺乳期間真正幫助到他們的伴侶。
結論：這項定性研究的結果提供了父親在經歷早產時如何支持母乳哺育的見地。護理人員在出生後的第一天提供重點式的資訊和實用的建議，可以幫助父親協助/參與前面幾天的母乳哺育過程。
協會小叮嚀：
要促進母乳哺育，可以從社會層面著手。
任何對母乳哺育關心的人，如果能隨時隨地記得母乳的推廣，對於將為人母的婦女們將來願意以及真的能持續哺餵母乳是有影響的。